BINOMIAL NOMENCLATURE

Many scientist has given many idea for nomenclature but BINOMIAL NOMENCLATURE by CAROLUS LINNAEUS  was widely accepted. in this type of naming each name has two components- the generic name and the specific epithet.some rules are universal for binomial nomenclature are as follows:

1. Biological names are generally in latin and written in italics.
2. The frst word in biological name represents the genus while the second component denotes the specific epithet
3. both the words should be printed in italics and if hand written then separately underlined.
4. the first word denote genus starts with capital letter while the specificepithet starts with small letter.
   e.g. Mangifera indica.- Mango
   
   Mangifera  represents the genus and indica represents the species.
   
                                                                                                                      page-8

IDENTIFICATION

Identification means to describe organism correctly, only then nomenclature is possible.

                                                                                                                              page-7

NOMENCLATURE

Nomenclature is a standard form of naming. there are millions of plant and animals on earth, and we call them by different name, so it is very difficult to recognise any one. In same country ,in different region we call them by local names,it create confusion while conversation to others
           To make nomenclature easier scientist established a pattern ICBN(International Code for Botanical Nomenclature) to name all plants and ICZN(International Code for Zoological Nomenclature) to name all animals. this ensures that each organism has only one name and it is widely accepted by all over the world.

                                                                                                                            page-6

BIODIVERSITY

When we see around we see a various number of organism whether it is plant, micro-organism, animal, insects or any thing. Each different organism represent a species. There are around 1.7 to 1.8 million species present on earth. This refers to biodiversity or the number and types of organism present on earth.

                                                                                                                                     page-5

IS CONSCIOUSNESS THE DEFINING CHARACTER OF LIVING ORGANISM

The most obvious and complicated feature of all living is ability to sense their surrounding.
Plant respond to water, air, wind, light, temperature etc. Similarly from prokaryotes to eukaryotes respond to environment. All organism handle chemical entering there bodies.Human being is an only organism who is self conscious i.e. aware of him self.
             HENCE, IT IS THE DEFINING PROPERTY OF LIVING BEING.
                   But the person in comma,who can not recover has no sense but it can not be declared as dead. So, it is more difficult to define in human whether it is true or not.
                                                                                         
                                                                                                                                     page-4

IS METABOLISM THE DEFINING CHARACTER OF LIVING?

METABOLISM- All living organism are made up of cell, which is made up of chemicals. In any living body thousands of chemical reaction takes place. Breakdown of reactant and addition of reactant are collectively called metabolism.
                    No non-living exhibit metabolism. the chemical reaction done in lab is not metabolism because it takes place outside the body.The reactions are living but it occurs in CELL FREE SYSTEM which is non living.
                   HENCE, METABOLISM CAN BE TAKEN AS DEFINING CHARACTER OF LIVING ORGANISM WITHOUT ANY EXCEPTION.

                                                                                                                                  page-3

IS REPRODUCTION THE DEFINING CHARACTER OF LIVING?

REPRODUCTION-  Reproduction means production of progeny(baby) almost similar to their parents. Now, some organism reproduce sexually i.e. mammals and some organism reproduce asexually i.e. fungi, hydra, planaria etc.
            Unicellular organism reproduce by cell division, which is also known as growth (as we defined in page-1) Hence in unicellular reproduction and growth is synonyms.
            Further there are many living which do not reproduce like infertile human couple, male worker bee, mule etc.
            HENCE IT CAN NOT BE DEFINING CHARACTER OF LIVING ORGANISM. OF COURSE NO NON- LIVING CAN REPRODUCE.
                                                       
                                                                                                                                  page-2