1. WHY ARE LIVING ORGANISM CLASSIFIED?
ANSWER: We can not study each and every living organism,hence for our convenience we classify them. all animals and plants are related to each other, some are useful and some are dangerous, so, it is very necessary to aware about surroundings.
OR WE DESCRIBE AS
From early period Many attempts had done to classify living organism. ARISTOTLE was the first who classified plants on the simple morphological character i.e. herb, shrubs, and tree . and animals as red blood and no blood.
After Aristotle , CAROLUS LINNAEUS classified living inti two categoriesi.e. Plantae and Animalia. this classification continued till very recent time, but the classification did not distinguish between prokaryotes( false nucleus) and eukaryotes(true nucleus), unicellular and multicellular, autotrophic and heterotrophic.
Hence it was found inadequate system, and a new system was needed.
THE RECENT AND MOST ACCEPTED CLASSIFICATION SYSTEM IS FIVE KINGDOM CLASSIFICATION SYSTEM BY R.H.WHITTAKER.
2.WHY ARE THE CLASSIFICATION SYSTEM CHANGING EVERY NOW AND THEN?
ANSWER: Modification is needed everywhere. if new discovered classification system is better than the earlier and more convenient then change is needed.
3.WHAT DIFFERENT CRITERIA WOULD YOU CHOOSE TO CLASSIFY PEOPLE THAT YOU MEET OFTEN?
ANSWER: I would choose his or her language, physique and nature to classify people we meet often.
4.WHAT DO WE LEARN FROM IDENTIFICATION OF INDIVIDUAL AND POPULATION?
ANSWER: Identification of individual means specific character found in that individual, and identification of population means group of morphologically same individuals.
5.WRITE THE BOTANICAL NAME OF MANGO.
ANSWER: Mangifera indica
6. DEFINE A TAXON. GIVE SOME EXAMPLES OF TAXA AT DIFFERENT HIERARCHICAL LEVEL.
ANSWER: All organism are categorized into various category, there category are scientifically called as taxa.species, genus,family,order, class etc are different level of taxa.
7.WRITE THE CORRECT SEQUENCE OF TAXONOMICAL CATEGORY.
ANSWER: species--genus--family--order--class--phylum/division--kingdom.
8. GROUP DISCUSSION ON SPECIES.
9.DEFINE THE TERM.
(A)PHYLUM (B)CLASS (C)FAMILY (D)ORDER (E) GENUS
ANSWER: (A) Phylum- it the second highest category of taxa.
e.g. chordata, animal like fishes,amphibians,reptiles , birds along with mammals constitute this phyla.
the main character of this phyla is presence of notochord and dorsal hollow neural system. (B)Class-This category includes related orders.
e.g. Mammalia- carnivora-tiger,lion,cat,dog
herbivora- monkey,gibbon,gorilla
(C)Family- It is the next level of taxa. it is also known as collection of closely related genus. it has less number of similarities as compare of genus and species. families are characterized by both vegetative and reproductive features.
e.g. solanaceae- solanum
petunia
datura
felidae- panthera
felis
cancidae- cancidae (D)Order-Order is a higher category. it may also called as collection of closely related family
e.g.-1. plant family- polynomial(mainly based on floral character)-convolvulaceae
-solanaceae
2. animal family-carnivora- felidae
-cancidae
(E)Genus- Genus is the second least level of taxa. It comprises a group of similar species Or we say that the genera are aggregates(collection) of closely related species.
e.g.-Solanum tuberosum - potato
Solanum lycopersicum - tomato
Solanum melongena - brinjal
all are of similar genera but they are different things because they have different species.
10. HOW IS KEY HELPFUL IN IDENTIFICATION AND CLASSIFICATION OF AN ORGANISM?
ANSWER: Key is a taxonomical aid, which based on the contrasting characters called couplet. it represent the choice between the two option i.e. acceptance of one and rejection of another as its results.
each statement in the key is called LEAD.
11. ILLUSTRATE THE TAXONOMICAL HIERARCHY WITH SUITABLE EXAMPLES OF A PLANT AND AN ANIMAL.
ANSWER:* Kingdom- Plantae- plants
Animalia-animals
* phylum(for animals)- Chordata , division(for plants)-Magnoliophyta
ANSWER: We can not study each and every living organism,hence for our convenience we classify them. all animals and plants are related to each other, some are useful and some are dangerous, so, it is very necessary to aware about surroundings.
OR WE DESCRIBE AS
From early period Many attempts had done to classify living organism. ARISTOTLE was the first who classified plants on the simple morphological character i.e. herb, shrubs, and tree . and animals as red blood and no blood.
After Aristotle , CAROLUS LINNAEUS classified living inti two categoriesi.e. Plantae and Animalia. this classification continued till very recent time, but the classification did not distinguish between prokaryotes( false nucleus) and eukaryotes(true nucleus), unicellular and multicellular, autotrophic and heterotrophic.
Hence it was found inadequate system, and a new system was needed.
THE RECENT AND MOST ACCEPTED CLASSIFICATION SYSTEM IS FIVE KINGDOM CLASSIFICATION SYSTEM BY R.H.WHITTAKER.
2.WHY ARE THE CLASSIFICATION SYSTEM CHANGING EVERY NOW AND THEN?
ANSWER: Modification is needed everywhere. if new discovered classification system is better than the earlier and more convenient then change is needed.
3.WHAT DIFFERENT CRITERIA WOULD YOU CHOOSE TO CLASSIFY PEOPLE THAT YOU MEET OFTEN?
ANSWER: I would choose his or her language, physique and nature to classify people we meet often.
4.WHAT DO WE LEARN FROM IDENTIFICATION OF INDIVIDUAL AND POPULATION?
ANSWER: Identification of individual means specific character found in that individual, and identification of population means group of morphologically same individuals.
5.WRITE THE BOTANICAL NAME OF MANGO.
ANSWER: Mangifera indica
6. DEFINE A TAXON. GIVE SOME EXAMPLES OF TAXA AT DIFFERENT HIERARCHICAL LEVEL.
ANSWER: All organism are categorized into various category, there category are scientifically called as taxa.species, genus,family,order, class etc are different level of taxa.
7.WRITE THE CORRECT SEQUENCE OF TAXONOMICAL CATEGORY.
ANSWER: species--genus--family--order--class--phylum/division--kingdom.
8. GROUP DISCUSSION ON SPECIES.
9.DEFINE THE TERM.
(A)PHYLUM (B)CLASS (C)FAMILY (D)ORDER (E) GENUS
ANSWER: (A) Phylum- it the second highest category of taxa.
e.g. chordata, animal like fishes,amphibians,reptiles , birds along with mammals constitute this phyla.
the main character of this phyla is presence of notochord and dorsal hollow neural system. (B)Class-This category includes related orders.
e.g. Mammalia- carnivora-tiger,lion,cat,dog
herbivora- monkey,gibbon,gorilla
(C)Family- It is the next level of taxa. it is also known as collection of closely related genus. it has less number of similarities as compare of genus and species. families are characterized by both vegetative and reproductive features.
e.g. solanaceae- solanum
petunia
datura
felidae- panthera
felis
cancidae- cancidae (D)Order-Order is a higher category. it may also called as collection of closely related family
e.g.-1. plant family- polynomial(mainly based on floral character)-convolvulaceae
-solanaceae
2. animal family-carnivora- felidae
-cancidae
(E)Genus- Genus is the second least level of taxa. It comprises a group of similar species Or we say that the genera are aggregates(collection) of closely related species.
e.g.-Solanum tuberosum - potato
Solanum lycopersicum - tomato
Solanum melongena - brinjal
all are of similar genera but they are different things because they have different species.
10. HOW IS KEY HELPFUL IN IDENTIFICATION AND CLASSIFICATION OF AN ORGANISM?
ANSWER: Key is a taxonomical aid, which based on the contrasting characters called couplet. it represent the choice between the two option i.e. acceptance of one and rejection of another as its results.
each statement in the key is called LEAD.
11. ILLUSTRATE THE TAXONOMICAL HIERARCHY WITH SUITABLE EXAMPLES OF A PLANT AND AN ANIMAL.
ANSWER:* Kingdom- Plantae- plants
Animalia-animals
* phylum(for animals)- Chordata , division(for plants)-Magnoliophyta
*class- Mammalia
*order-polymoniales
*family- Solanaceae
*genus- panthera
*species- leo
*order-polymoniales
*family- Solanaceae
*genus- panthera
*species- leo
